Testing

Testing

The aim of the testing process is to identify all defects existing in a software product.

However,for most practical systems, even after satisfactorily carrying out the testing

phase, it is not possible to guarantee that the software is error free. This is because

of the fact that the input data domain of most software products is very large. It is

not practical to test the software exhaustively with respect to each value that the 

input data may assume. 

Testing a program consists of providing the program with a set of test inputs (or test

cases) and observing if the program behaves as expected. If the program fails to

behave as expected, then the conditions under which failure occurs are noted for

later debugging and correction

Approaches to Testing

There are essentially two main approaches to systematically designing test cases.

They are

 Black-box Testing

 White-box Testing

Black Box Testing

It is also known as Behavioural Testing , is a software testing method in which the internal

structure/ design/ implementation of the item being tested is not known to the tester. 

These tests can be functional or non -functional, though usually functional.

White Box Testing

It Is also known as Clear Box Testing, Open Box Testing, Glass Box Testing, Transparent

Box Testing, Code-Based Testing or Structural Testing.

It is a software testing method in which the internal structure / design/ implementation of the 

item being tested is known to the tester. This method is named so because the software program, in the eyes of the tester, is

like a white/ transparent box; inside which one clearly sees.

Gray Box Testing

It Is a software testing method which is a combination of Black Box Testing method and

White Box Testing method.

Unit testing

Unit testing is undertaken after a module has been coded and successfully reviewed.

Unit testing (or module testing) is the testing of different units (or modules) of a

system in isolation.